Styles of Thought and Epistemological Approaches

Abstract

This paper begins with a historical reference whose purpose is to distinguish the various philosophical positions given throughout the construction of science. The path is divided into two periods, before and after the seventeenth century, on the one hand, focuses on the Greek thought constituted by the Aristotelian and Galilean traditions; On the other hand are presented the great epistemological traditions: Rationalism and Empiricism. It continues in the XIX with Augusto Comte who introduces the positivist approach to science till the figure of Thomas Kuhn with the concept of paradigm. Then, it is about the styles of thought and epistemological approaches due to each human being has a particular way of approaching reality, learning, solving problems, inferring, developing in their environment or following certain patterns that resemble or differentiate them from others. Then the relationship between them is established, proving that they are the support of any scientific revolution exhibited in the course of history. Finally, it is concluded that all research work acquires a value in the context of the belief system where it has been raised, rather than within impositions of paradigms that establish supposedly indisputable and universal schemes.